《植物生理学报》 2012, 48(2): 189-196

干旱对白皮松幼苗针叶生理特性的影响

王爱芳¹, 张钢^2,*, 郄亚旭³, 向地英², 邸葆², 陈宗培²

河北农业大学1林学院, 2园艺学院, 3现代科技学院, 河北保定071001

通信作者：张钢；E-mail: zhanggang1210@126.com；Tel: 0312-7528313

摘　要：

试验目的是研究栽植前和栽植后干旱致使白皮松(Pinus bungeana Zucc.)针叶的生理特性的改变, 了解白皮松造林前后能够适应的干旱范围, 为白皮松科学造林提供理论依据。试验中模拟白皮松容器苗造林前后可能遇到的干旱胁迫, 研究栽植前容器苗分别为B1: 75%~80% (正常浇水)、B2: 55%~60% (轻度干旱)、B3: 35%~40% (严重干旱)和栽植后土壤相对含水量分别为A1: 75%~80%、A2: 55%~60%、A3: 35%~40%、A4: 15%~20% (极严重干旱)对白皮松针叶的生理指标的影响。结果表明: 栽植前白皮松容器苗经B3处理后, 针叶电解质渗透率增加, 叶绿素含量和PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)显著降低, 表明针叶受到一定伤害。栽植后如果正常浇水, 这些影响将消除, 如果遭遇栽植后干旱, B3处理的受害程度不比B1和B2处理深。栽植后白皮松经A3和A4处理4周后, 针叶的电解质渗透率增加, Fv/Fm降低, 表明白皮松针叶受到伤害。白皮松容器苗造林在栽植前遭到适当干旱胁迫时不会影响造林后的表现。但应避免栽植后初期4周以上严重干旱胁迫。

关键词：干旱胁迫; 白皮松; Fv/Fm; 电解质渗透率; 叶绿素含量

收稿：2011-12-12   修定：2012-01-21

资助：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2008000256)。

Effects of Drought on Physiological Characteristics of Needles of Pinus bungeana Zucc Seedlings

WANG Ai-Fang¹, ZHANG Gang^2,*, QIE Ya-Xu³, XIANG Di-Ying², DI Bao², CHEN Zong-Pei²

¹College of Forestry, ²College of Horticulture, ³Department of Modern Science & Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Gang; E-mail: zhanggang1210@126.com; Tel: 0312-7528313

Abstract:

The changes of physiological characteristics in needles of Pinus bungeana Zucc. under drought stress before and after afforestation were studied, aiming to find what scope of drought the P. bungeana could tolerate before and after planting and provide theoretical basis for planting of P. bungeana. The effects of preplanting [relative water content was B1: 75%-80% (normal irrigation), B2: 55%-60% (light drought), B3: 35%-40% (severe drought)] and postplanting [A1: 75%-80%, A2: 55%-60%, A3: 35%-40%, A4: 15%-20% (damned drought)] drought on physiological parameters of needles of P. bungeana were investigated by simulating the drought condition of P. bungeana container seedlings before and after afforestation. The results showed that electrolyte leakage of needles increased, chlorophyll content and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) of needles declined significantly under preplanting B3 treatment. These changes suggested that needles were damaged to some extent. Such effects would be ignored if normal irrigation was given after planting. However, if postplanting drought happened, injury degree of B3 treatment was not deeper than that of B1 and B2. After 4 weeks A3 and A4 severe drought treatments, electrolyte leakage of needles increased, and Fv/Fm of needles declined significantly, indicating that needles were injured. It is therefore suggested that preplanting drought of container seedlings would not affect the seedlings performance after planting, and in the early phase after planting, more than 4 weeks long severe drought should be avoided.

Key words: drought stress; Pinus bungeana Zucc.; Fv/Fm; electrolyte leakage; chlorophyll content